{
  "id": "programming.booleans.no-short-circuit",
  "uri": "https://open-misconceptions.github.io/miscon-data/m/programming.booleans.no-short-circuit",
  "uuid": "835a754e-f33f-4ab3-88a1-2cc87dc58918",
  "version": "0.1.1",
  "status": "draft",
  "trust": "low",
  "title": "Both operands of and/or are always evaluated",
  "statement": "A logical and or or always evaluates both of its operands, whatever the first one turns out to be.",
  "kind": "undergeneralization",
  "domain": "programming.boolean",
  "about": [
    {
      "scheme": "Miscon",
      "uri": "https://open-misconceptions.github.io/miscon-data/c/programming.booleans.short-circuit"
    }
  ],
  "level_band": [
    "secondary",
    "undergraduate"
  ],
  "locale": "en",
  "evidence_patterns": [
    {
      "item_shape": "predict whether a guarded expression raises an error",
      "signature": "predicts an error from the second operand even though the first operand decides the result",
      "example": {
        "item": "items = []\nif len(items) > 0 and items[0] == 'x':\n    print('yes')\nelse:\n    print('no')",
        "expected": "no",
        "response": "IndexError"
      }
    },
    {
      "item_shape": "predict a side effect in the second operand",
      "signature": "predicts the side effect happens when the first operand already decides the result",
      "example": {
        "item": "def f():\n    print('called')\n    return True\nresult = False and f()",
        "expected": "(nothing printed)",
        "response": "called"
      }
    }
  ],
  "discriminators": {
    "vs_slip": "Consistent across items; the learner can state 'it checks both'. A slip is a single wrong prediction."
  },
  "relations": {
    "conflicts_with": [
      {
        "external": "https://open-misconceptions.github.io/miscon-data/c/programming.booleans.short-circuit",
        "label": "Logical and/or stop evaluating once the result is known"
      }
    ],
    "resolved_by": [
      {
        "external": "https://open-misconceptions.github.io/miscon-data/c/programming.booleans.short-circuit",
        "label": "Logical and/or stop evaluating once the result is known"
      }
    ]
  },
  "alignments": [
    {
      "scheme": "progmiscon",
      "code": "Java/NoShortCircuit",
      "uri": "https://progmiscon.org/misconceptions/Java/NoShortCircuit",
      "relation": "close-match"
    },
    {
      "scheme": "progmiscon",
      "code": "Python/NoShortCircuit",
      "uri": "https://progmiscon.org/misconceptions/Python/NoShortCircuit",
      "relation": "close-match"
    }
  ],
  "provenance": {
    "sources": [
      {
        "type": "inventory",
        "citation": "Chiodini, L., Moreno Santos, I., Gallidabino, A., Tafliovich, A., Santos, A. L., & Hauswirth, M. (2021). A curated inventory of programming language misconceptions. In Proceedings of the 26th ACM Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education (ITiCSE '21), 380-386.",
        "doi": "10.1145/3430665.3456343",
        "url": "https://progmiscon.org/",
        "note": "Inventory consulted for the misconception name and scope only; progmiscon publishes no licence for its text, so Open Misconceptions' statements and examples are written independently."
      },
      {
        "type": "paper",
        "citation": "Qian, Y., & Lehman, J. (2017). Students' misconceptions and other difficulties in introductory programming: A literature review. ACM Transactions on Computing Education, 18(1), Article 1.",
        "doi": "10.1145/3077618"
      }
    ],
    "origin": "llm-drafted",
    "notes": "Drafted from the cited literature for the Open Misconceptions seed pack; statement, examples and discriminators are original text. Awaiting maintainer review."
  },
  "history": {
    "changelog": [
      {
        "version": "0.1.1",
        "date": "2026-09-05",
        "change": "Schema 0.2 migration: about/alignments carry a free-string scheme (corestandards.org URLs relabelled CCSS where present); trust computed from reviews[] (none yet, so low); no change to the statement or evidence."
      }
    ]
  },
  "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
}